Best Sunscreen Ingredients 2025 - Top Skincare Picks
Sunscreens are one of the primary components of any type of skincare routine. In fact, they are a mainstay for any type of skin care because they protect the skin from harmful UVA and UVB sun rays, which can lead to hyperpigmentation, wrinkling, and sunburn.
While sunscreens are great, knowing the best sunscreen for you is essential for the best outcomes. So, read on to find out the best sunscreen ingredients, how to choose the best sunscreen, ingredients to avoid in sunscreen and natural sunscreen ingredients.
10 Best Sunscreen Ingredients
Depending on their safety and efficacy, sunscreen ingredients fall into two categories: GRASE and non-GRASE. GRASE stands for Generally Recommended As Safe and Effective while non-GRASE stands for Not Generally Recommended As Safe and Effective.
Below, we'll discuss best sunscreen ingredients from the GRASE category and discuss some non-GRASE sunscreen ingredients:
Best GRASE Sunscreen Ingredients
The best sunscreen ingredients generally fall in the GRASE category as they've been tested to be effective and safe for users and environment by the FDA. Let's explore some of the best ingredients for sunscreens in this category:
Zinc Oxide and Titanium Dioxide
Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide typically go hand-in-hand and are the primary active ingredients in mineral sunscreens. They work in synergy and while both block out UVA and UVB rays, zinc oxide offers the more effective UVA protection while titanium dioxide's UVB protection is very effective.
Zinc oxide is only allowed in concentrations of up to 25% and you need a concentration of at least 10% to get broad-spectrum coverage. Titanium dioxide has a narrower spectrum against UVA, is best for short-term sun exposure, and is non-comedogenic (it won’t block pores). This makes it a great alternative for sensitive or acne-prone skin.
Unlike some chemical sunscreens, there aren't sufficient evidence showing zinc oxide and titanium dioxide absorbed into the blood. Hence, their inclusion in the GRASE category. However, they may leave a white cast on darker skin, especially in physical sunscreens.
Tinosorb S and M
Tinosorb S and M are popularly found in chemical sunscreens. They protect against UVA and UVB rays, have antioxidant effects, and are only allowed in concentrations of up to 10%.
Mexoryl SX
Mexoryl SX absorbs UV rays, preventing sun damage and slowing skin aging. Unlike zinc oxide, Mexoryl SX is completely coral reef safe. It is typically combined with avobenzone for the best results.
Non-GRASE Sunscreen Ingredients
Non-GRASE sunscreen ingredients lack sufficient evidence for their safety and efficacy. In other words, their efficacy and overall health effects are still being investigated. We'll discuss some non-GRASE sunscreen ingredients below, highlighting why they are in this category:
Oxybenzone
Oxybenzone is a common ingredient found in chemical sunscreens. While effective against both UVA and UVB rays, its easy absorption into the skin has raised concerns among researchers as it could have adverse effects on the body ranging from endocrine disruption, hormonal imbalance, and allergic reactions. Then again, other experts argue that its easy absorption has not posed any noticeable harm to the human body.
That said, it is deemed harmful to aquatic life, especially coral reefs and is not ideal for sensitive skin.
Octinoxate
Octinoxate is commonly found in chemical sunscreens. It absorbs UV rays and prevents sun damage but penetrates the body. As such, only concetrations of 7.5% and below are allowed in SPF products. Like oxybenzone, it is dangerous to aquatic life.
Trolamine Salicylate
Trolamine salicylate has weak UV-absorbing properties and is not commonly used in modern sunscreens due to concerns about its safety profile.
Avobenzone
Avobenzone found in many SPF products like sunscreens and lip balms is not very effective on its own as it readily breaks down in sunlight. For optimal effect, it is combined with octinoxate or oxybenzone and may also be mixed with zinc oxide and titanium dioxide. In some countries, it is deemed safe below 3%.
Homosalate
Homosalate is predominantly found in chemical sunscreens due to its ability to absorb UV rays, but its concentrations are currently limited because it's a GRASE ingredient.
Octocrylene
Octocrylene is prone to breakdown with said breakdown producing a harmful chemical called benzophenone.
Ensulizole
Ensulizole produces free radicals when it breaks down and this can damage nearby cells.
Tips for Applying Sunscreen
- Get a sunscreen that is broad spectrum and has a SPF above 30.
- Wear protective clothing like hats, and sunglasses and apply sunscreen to all exposed areas of the body.
- Routinely reapply, ideally after every 2 hours.
- Avoid spraying sunscreens as that can reduce effectiveness due to their inability to spread properly. There's also the risk of getting some in your eyes or inhaling them.
- Limit sun exposure if you can, especially around peak periods like noon.
Natural Sunscreen Ingredients
If you'd rather go natural and avoid the uncertainty of some of the ingredients above, we share some of the best natural sunscreen ingredients below:
- Natural oils like coconut oil, jojoba oils, sesame oil and sunflower oil offer natural SPF benefits. While their effect may not be up to par with isolated chemicals, they still go a long way.
- Shea butter with its occlusive properties provides a layer on the skin, which offers some protection against sun damage.
- Other natural oils can be useful in this regard except citrus-based oils as they increase sensitivity to the sun and may cause more harm than good.
- When making homemade sunscreen ingredients with natural ingredients, get zinc oxide (non-nano) for some extra protection against UVA and UVB rays. Choose the non-nano as the nano could easily penetrate the skin and cause cellular damage. That said, be cautious when combining zinc with other ingredients.
Homemade Sunscreen Recipes
Natural Homemade Sunscreen
Ingredients:
- 2 tablespoons coconut oil
- 1.5 tablespoons shea butter
- 1 teaspoon of any carrier oil coconut, sweet almond or grapeseed oil
- 1 teaspoon Vitamin E oil
- 30 drops of essential oils (optional) you can mix different oils in different measurements to total 30.
- Zinc oxide powder (adjust for a base lotion of about 4 tablespoons).
Directions:
- Add the coconut oil, shea butter, and your carrier oil to a homemade double boiler setup and melt everything over low heat. Your double boiler setup can be a heat-safe container inside a small pot with a few inches of water.
- Remove from heat and let cool slightly.
- Wear a mask to protect from fine zinc oxide particles, then add the zinc oxide powder to the mixture.
- Mix in Vitamin E oil and essential oils, stirring well until evenly blended.
- Transfer the mixture to a dark jar and store in the refrigerator.
Storage:
- Store in a dark jar to prevent photosensitivity from light exposure.
- Always keep refrigerated to extend shelf life.
- Apply the same way you would store-bought sunscreen
Aloe Vera and Coconut Oil Sunscreen
Aloe vera is a key player in the skincare world due to its hydrating effects and regenerative effects. For this recipe:
Ingredients:
- 4 tablespoons coconut oil
- 2–3 tablespoons powdered zinc oxide
- 4 tablespoons pure aloe vera gel
- 25 drops walnut extract oil (for scent but optional if you would rather do without)
- 8 tablespoons shea butter (adjustable)
Directions:
- Combine coconut oil, shea butter, and walnut oil in a saucepan over medium heat. Melt and mix thoroughly.
- Allow the mixture to cool for a few minutes before stirring in aloe vera gel.
- Once fully cooled, mix in the zinc oxide powder, ensuring it’s evenly distributed. For a stickier texture, you can add beeswax or a similar substance.
- Store the sunscreen in a glass jar in a cool, dry place.
Sprayable Version:
To make your sunscreen sprayable:
- Skip the shea butter.
- Once the mixture cools, add extra aloe vera gel and a carrier oil like almond oil (natural SPF properties) to achieve a thinner consistency.
- Finally, transfer to a spray bottle and refrigerate.
Whipped Shea Butter Sunscreen
This fluffy, moisturizing sunscreen combines the nourishing benefits of shea butter and coconut oil with optional zinc oxide for added sun protection. With the zinc oxide, the SPF is estimated to be around 40+, while without it, the SPF is roughly 15–20.
Ingredients:
- 1/2 cup shea butter
- 1/3 cup of melted coconut oil, melted
- 15 drops of carrot seed essential oil
- 10 drops of myrrh essential oil
- 2 tablespoons non-nano zinc oxide (optional)
Directions:
- Whip raw shea butter using a hand mixer until creamy and smooth.
- Gradually add the melted coconut oil while continuing to whip until fully incorporated.
- Add the essential oils and zinc oxide (if using) and whip the mixture until it becomes light and fluffy.
- Transfer the whipped sunscreen to a clean, airtight container.
Apply generously to exposed skin before sun exposure.
Aloe Vera Sunscreen Spray
This light, refreshing body spray combines aloe vera and essential oils to soothe and nourish your skin while providing some sun protection.
Ingredients:
- 1 cup aloe vera juice
- 4 tablespoons avocado oil
- 15 drops of carrot seed essential oil
- 10 drops of myrrh essential oil
Directions:
- Combine all the ingredients in a spray bottle.
- Shake well before each use to ensure the oils and aloe vera are evenly mixed.
- Reapply frequently, especially after swimming or sweating.
Homemade Sunscreen With Aloe vera and Coconut Oil
Aloe vera is a star ingredient known for its ability to prevent and treat sunburns, making it a great addition to natural sunscreen. However, this recipe isn’t waterproof and must be reapplied often.
Ingredients:
- 4 tablespoons coconut oil
- 2 tablespoons zinc oxide powder
- 4 tablespoons pure aloe vera gel
- 24 drops walnut extract oil for scent
- 3/4 - 1 cup shea butter for a spreadable consistency
Directions:
- Melt shea butter and coconut oil in a medium saucepan over medium heat.
- Remove from heat and let cool slightly before mixing in aloe vera gel.
- Once the mixture is cool, add zinc oxide and stir thoroughly to ensure an even distribution.
- Transfer to a glass jar and store in a cool, dry place.
Final Take
Whether you are using a formulated sunscreen or going the DIY route, protecting your skin from sun damage is non-negotiable. For a stronger defense, pair your sunscreen with makeup or skincare products containing SPF and always aim for the highest SPF you can find.